In total process of carding, there are various faults are arise which are deeply discussed in this article. Classimat yarn fault analysis download as word doc. Processing problems of polyester and its remedies dr. The appearance of periodic faults in yarn is shown in figure2. Bharti department of mechanical engineering integral university, lucknow, india yarn. How to edit this portfolio remove this link when it is no longer necessary to use. After dyeing such faults result in shade variation. Cross sectional size 30% to 60% of normal yarn with fault. Other methods of break spinning use needles and electrostatic forces.
The binder is used to tie the effect yarn to the base yarn if binding is necessary. All natural fibres follow a similar basic routine of conversion to spun yarn which includes four major stages although manmade fibres do not. Yarn faults of various shapes and sizes can be introduced at all stages of spinning process, ever how these need to be. All of the problems listed here will happen to you at one time or another, as they happen to every spinner. Normally in most of the mills, since extraction of these faults which is done at winding is a. Evaluation of processing performance and properties of 100. To provide fault free yarn to the down stream industry, preventive measures and removal of yarn faults in the spinning mills take place. After applying sizing process in warp yarn, different types of changes occurred such as increase frictional resistance, flexibility, smoothness etc. For changing the stitch length at same count at three same. Finally, wrap some fleece onto the leader yarn and continue turning the spindle to twist it into new yarn. A catalogue of visual textile defects aasim ahmed ts3b. Causes and remedies of carding faults in spinning textile. The alphabet a to g indicates the thick yarn faults while the letters h and i represent thin faults. Previous research indicate that expert system has been in use for automating operations in the textile and garment industry.
In an automatic ginning process of cotton, a modern machine is preferable. Ring spinning machine different parts of ring frame. The major goals of spinning is to produce the quality yarn from raw material, then remove the process faults followed by winding the short length. Between 1860 and at the end of the nineteenth century were a period of intense development of different types and shapes of ring and traveler. New machines in the spinning mill run quicker, produce more, and stress the fibre much more than was previously the case. A study on measures to reduce infrequent yarn faults.
These are the faults that occur in range of the 10 to 5000 times per m of yarn. Yarn faults cause disruptions in the subsequent processes, which affect production and quality. Whether you are looking for beginner spinning wheel instructions, or are in need of a refresher, youll love these free spinning projects and tutorials. Introduction tencel fiber is a kind of regenerated cellulose fiber produced in a way called solvent spinning method, the production mainly uses coniferous wood pulp as raw materials. Analysis on the defects in yarn manufacturing process.
In textile industry faults are frequently occurred and stitch length has a direct effect on these faults. The major goals of spinning is to produce the quality yarn from raw material, then remove the process faults followed by winding the short length bobbins on cones. Different types of yarn defectsfaults textile learner. There are variety of yarn faults occurs during spinning because of various causes, which are objectionable in the subsequent process. Textile calculation represents all about mathematical calculation of spinning, weaving, knitting, wet processing and garments costing and consumption formula. Yarn faults free download as powerpoint presentation. Before cotton arrives at the spinning mill to spin into thread and woven into the fabric, it makes the journey from field to bale. It was, therefore, considered of interest to see the influence of fcb on yarn faults while using roving with higher tm. Effect of processing factors on the incidence of yarn faults in spinning k p r pilla y cl r hariharan south india textile resean. Yarn faults are very important characteristics which affecting spun yarn ability process and fabric appearance. Eos,fault classification with detection of spinning process related faults nslt,detection of yarn faults such as piecer, yarn count, irregularity, sliver faults and imperfections. Spinning is the twisting together of drawn out strands of fibers to form yarn. Daily wrappings of yarn for count, regularity of count, strength and twist. Heres a letter from the interweave team about how were responding to covid19 and offering support to our community.
Final package of yarn is the end and may chance the customer complaint. To provide faultfree yarn to the down stream industry, preventive measures and removal of yarn faults in the spinning mills take place. Appendixi 303 fabric defects following are the additional fabric defects and their related theory. Yarn faults of various shapes and sizes can be introduced at all stages of spinning process. There are totally 23 types of faults, each fault is identified by an alphabet and a number. These faults not only create problems in post spinning. The properties that investigated were count, yarn faults, yarn irregularity and strength. The process takes a fiber mass roving, reduces the mass through fiber drafting, inserts twist for strength, and winds the yarn onto a bobbin. There are various types of spinning methods for producing various types of yarn. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes. Monday saturday 11am6pmsunday noon 5pmclosed mondays springsummer.
Appropriate cleared yarn meets market specification. Faults have adequately death with earlier in this section under regularity. Spindle to spindle variation also occurs due to differences in spindle speed as a result of driving tape slippage, misalignment of tapes and spindle bearings or inadequate lubrication which should be maintained properly. This will provides a detailed breakup of yarn faults based on the length and dimensions of the faults. Spinning is the first steps of textile product processing. Process control and yarn quality in spinning thilagavathi. Detract aesthetic appeal of the fabric, if allowed to pass. Effect of processing factors on the incidence of yarn. Introduction the problem of faults and defects produced during the mechanical spinning of yarns is as old as the industry itself. Defective yarns not only affect the appearance of yarn but also have a significant influence on post spinning operation. Too much twist reduces yarn strength and also makes the yarn brittle and liable to from snarls. Two important things in spinning of yarn that will later on affect the fineness and strength of the fabric woven. A similar quality of yarn is achieved through the siro spinning process of spinning single yarn from two rovings simultaneously under the same drafting system shaikhzadeh najar et al. Around half of all thick places are caused by fiber fly spun in on the spinning machine.
Classification of yarn faults and possible source of. A yarn which is thicker than the desired count or has a thick. Problems in ring spinning ring spinning process is a very critical process in the whole plant and it has also the direct relation to the production of the plant. Rieter k44 pneumatic compact spinning system was used in the production of pneumatic compact yarns. These faults not only create problems in postspinning.
Textile specialists in spinning mills who have to conquer disturbing yarn fault have to find the origin of such yarn faults. Following are some production, mechanical and electric problems here. An expert system approach for the diagnosis and rectification. Many of these faults can be avoided by keeping the spinning machine clean. This ring spinning was much more productive, simpler in mechanism, easier in manipulation and more economic. In the case of automatic cone winding, the yarn waste generally varies from 05% in winders fitted with round magazine feed to 0. Yarns spun from staple fibers contain imperfections, which can be subdivided into three groups. The effects of the yarn hairiness on the knitting operation following after spinning and its influence on the fabrics features, have led to its measurement, too. The presentation of practical trials underlines usters experience with the total contamination control philosophy in the short fiber spinning mill. Spinning is the most important and the initial step in fabric manufacturing.
Introduction major quality problems that have its origin in yarn. This defect is caused by bunch of broken ends woven in the fabric. Thick places in yarn are often caused by soiling or damaged machine parts. Cotton needs about five months to grow from a planted seed to a ready plant. Unfortunately, this is not yet possible with the technology of today. The yarn waste in a spinning mill should not normally exceed 0.
Seldom occurring thick or thin places that are called yarn faults. During the yarn manufacturing process various types of irregularities are generated in the yarn diameter regularly or at intervals which are known as yarn faults. Cross sectional size 30% to 60% of normal yarn with fault length of 4 to 25 mm. Spinning can give you a lifetime of pleasure, but you are sure to encounter some problems along the way. Spinning yarns, telling tales about textiles spinning whether accomplished by hand orby ma chine, spinning is the simple process of drawing out a few fibers, twisting them together into a continuous length, and winding them into a ball or onto a stick. The shape roundness of the yarn depends on the spinning preparation, the. Full detail of yarn faults, causes and its remedies. Be calm, take a deep breath, and try one of these solutions. It is the machine by which yarn is manufactured at required specification for specific purposes. Yarns especially spun yarns are twisted to hold the fibres together. For changing the stitch length at same count at three same diametric double jersey knitting machine on same rib structure we found the effect of stitch length on common knit fabric faults.
This method of twisting two strands produces yarns which are more compact and less hairy in comparison with conventional twisting methods. Yarn quality is influenced by various types of yarn faults which also affects the quality of fabric produced. Ring spinning machine different parts of ring frame machine. Pdf production and properties of core spun yarns and. We used 100 % combed rovings which were used in the first part of the study.
Qccplh 1 jiui 1984 the influence of raw material quality and processing factors on the incidence of yarn faults has been studied using the uster classimat. The spinning process is shorter, and the number of fault reducing doublings is much less. With the everincreasing price of cotton, huge investments on sophisticated machines, and increasing labor wages, it is a highly challenging task for any spinning mill to enhance the productivity. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and remedies of knit fabrics. During completing this process, several defects are produced which are deeply discussed in this article. Ring spinning is the oldest type of fiber spinning still in use. Analysis on the spinning process and properties of tencel yarn. An elaborate and detailed assessment is made on various sectors of the yarn spinning such as production, consumption, and materials. Ring spinning is one of the most common spinning methods in the world.
Narayana prasad agmq at ghcl, madurai shared his understandings very briefly about classification of yarn faults, which is related to the seldom occurring yarn faults. Precise digital yarn clearing for highest efficiency and lowest maintenance. Effect of processing factors on the incidence of yarn faults. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes and. However, its application on yarn faults diagnosis and rectification is inadequately explored which left the troubleshooting of yarn faults operated manually by human experts. In order to survive the huge competition, it is absolutely essential that waste incurred during the yarn manufacturing processes should be kept under. Page 47 the spindle, which hangs from the fibers, twists the fibers as it rotates downward, and spins a length of yarn as it pulls away from the fiber bundle. Feb 27, 2020 once youve secured the leader yarn, hold the spindle in your right hand and rotate it so it twists. Objectionable yarn faults can be categorized in three groups. In the production of spun yams, such faults as slubs, spunin lint and bad piecings, become incidental. Problems and success factor of ring spinning textile school. The process of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning.
Objectionable yarn faults can be categorized in three. In this study we have done study on knit fabric faults and their causes. Yarn countsliver hank yarn count is the numerical expression of yarn, which defines its fineness or coarseness. No draft problems were observed on the ring spinning machine in the case of roving material having higher twist levels. Too thick and thin places, foreign fibres and dirty places are counted as yarn faults. The number of objectionable faults due to raw material varies from 16% to 30% with different yarns. Only a quasi invisible splice, meaning a splice matching the yarn, allows a tight clearer setting otherwise small yarn faults could possibly be. Just when people discovered how to do this is not knownbutwe have archeological evidence. The article must be at least 500 words or above and contains valuable information no copy paste is allowed and we will check plagiarism to confirm. Not only affect the appearance of fabric but also create hamper in spinning operation. These are the faults that arise periodically and appear as a wood pattern or as stripes or streaks in the fabric. Mar 20, 2018 yarn spinning, blow room functions blow room is the starting of the spinning operation where the fiber is opened, cleaned, mixed, micro dust removed and evened thus passed to carding machine without increasing fiber rupture, fiber neps, broken seed particles and without removing more good fibers. The source of faults could be in circular knitting machine, 80% faults come form yarn.
The quality parameters of the analysed yarn obtained by the tests are presented in table 1. Mar 20, 2018 yarn spinning is the process of manufacturing yarn from different types of fibres into a continuous length from one or more type of fibers. Yarn spinning is the process of manufacturing yarn from different types of fibres into a continuous length from one or more type of fibers. Openendrotor spinning an overview sciencedirect topics.
The terminology as well as the classification for novelty yarns varies considerably. The yarn spinning industry covers almost 25 percent of the total industrial production of one of the worlds 10 largest economies. As the stress in the spinning thread line is increased by higher windup speed, the pet. Comparison of conventional ring, mechanical compact and. Yarn faults rare yarn faults are principally characterized according to their appearance. We will give you any of the 2 books from the below list if you fulfill our conditions if you want to download this book, you need to write an unique article about textile related topics. Yarn spinning system is the collective term which describes the sequence of processes that are required to produce a yarn where spinning is the last process in the production of a single yarn. The ring spinning machine was invented in the year 1828 by the american throp. Dec 31, 20 wrapping finisher drawframe sliver every 4 hours and taking immediate action if results exceed tolerance quality control graphs to be used. How to control of waste in spinning mill textile course. This illustrates the close relation between splice size and yarn clearing setting. The number of twists per unit length is used to measure twist.
Core spinning is a process by which fibres are twisted around an existing yarn, either filament or staple spun yarn, to produce a sheath core structure in which the already formed yarn. In spinning, the overall processing purpose is to produce. In winding department where the final package of yarn is make. Though it is documented in various papers that yarn faults objectionable not only affect fabric appearance but also causes end breakage in subsequent processes resulting to in low production and. Thin places can occur, excessive drafts in the drafting assembly. The yarn processor requires a much longer fault free length of yarn or a better quality of yarn. Keeping this in mind, process control and yarn quality in spinning outlines the concepts of raw material selection, control of various process parameters to optimise the process conditions, and analysis and interpretation of various types of test reports to find out the source of fault. To learn how to spin wool with a spinning wheel, keep reading.
The different business models of the spinning mills determine the optimum balance between fiber loss and best possible yarn quality. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and. Classification of yarn faults and possible source of origin. Ginning process of cotton ordnur textile and finance. Splices must not be larger than the cleared yarn faults. Faulty yarns produce due to a number of factors like type of raw material used, process parameters adopted, processing conditions maintained etc. Yarn faults effects, generation and removal textile mates. This is a void in the warp direction due to yarn breakage. Carding machine produces sliver from processing laps. Its difficult to manage it and a lot of problems occurs during the process.
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